A comprehensive review of C-S-H empirical and computational models, their applications, and practical aspects

The C-S-H gel is an elusive material. Its variable composition and disordered nature complicate a complete characterization of its atomic structure, the elaboration models key to understanding it. This work aims review those proposed models, dividing them into empirical computational models. After brief description related crystalline calcium silicate hydrates, based on interpretation experimental data are presented. Then, we focus historic development atomistic study C-S-H, until current state art. We describe built from computer simulations. common applications these models: aluminum incorporation, elastic mechanical properties, diffusion water ions in nanopores, C-S-H/organic composites. Finally, discuss some practical aspects their interpretation, as well possible future directions.